In the petals of Chrysanthemum morifolium 4 and Cleome hassleriana 5, the heavy pink coloration and anthocyanin content show the highest level before flower opening, and then the color gradually changed to light pink due to the continuous decrease in anthocyanin content. For example, Malus hupehensis 2 and Brunfelsia acuminata 3 have red and purple flowers respectively in early flower opening stage, which gradually change to white with the opening. The flower color of many plants is formed early and then fades during flower opening. Flower color change is a common phenomenon that accompanies the developmental period. Our results provide a foundation for functional study and molecular breeding in lilac.Īs one of the most important ornamental traits, floral color diversity has not only attracted much attention in the breeding and development of new varieties, but also play an important role in the evolution of floral traits and ecological effects 1. Metabolome quantification identified delphinidin-3-O-rutinoside (Dp3Ru) and cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside (C圓Ru) as the major pigments gene co-expression networks indicated WRKY an essential regulation factor at the early flowering stage, ERF more important in the color transition period (from violet to light nearly white), while the MBW complex participated in the entire process.
Whole-genome duplication (WGD) event shared within Oleaceae was revealed. The genome assembly is 1.05 Gb anchored onto 23 chromosomes, with a BUSCO score of 96.6%. Here, we presented chromosome-scale genome assembly for lilac, resolved the flavonoids metabolism, and identified key genes and potential regulatory networks related to petal color change. Lilac ( Syringa oblata), a well-known woody ornamental plant with obvious petal color changes, is an ideal model. Color change during flower opening is common however, little is understood on the biochemical and molecular basis related.
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